1.The study of the sound system of a language; how the particular sounds contrast in each language to form an integrated system for encoding information and how such systems differ from one language to another.
A. Phonology
B. Phonemes
C. Assimilation
D. Complementary distribution
E. Minimal pair
F. Allophones
2.The occurrence of sounds in a language such that are never found in the same phonetic environment.
A. Phonology
B. Phonemes
C. Assimilation
D. Complementary distribution
E. Minimal pair
F. Allophones
3.A class of speech sounds identified by a native speaker as the same sound; a mental entity related to various allophones by phonological rules; meaningfully distinct sounds.
A. Phonology
B. Phonemes
C. Assimilation
D. Complementary distribution
E. Minimal pair
F. Allophones
4. A process by which a sound becomes more like a nearby sound in terms of some feature.
A. Phonology
B. Phonemes
C. Assimilation
D. Complementary distribution
E. Minimal pair
F. Allophones
5.Two words that differ only by a single sound in the same position and have different meanings but are otherwise identical.
A. Phonology
B. Phonemes
C. Assimilation
D. Complementary distribution
E. Minimal pair
F. Allophones
6.Non distinctive realizations of the same phoneme.
A. Phonology
B. Phonemes
C. Assimilation
D. Complementary distribution
E. Minimal pair
F. Allophones
7.Linguists look at three organizational sound patterns in a language. Which one of these answers is not a concern for linguists who study phonology?
A. What sounds are meaningfully distinctive?
B. The environment in which phones occur in a language
C. The different forms or possible realizations of the phonemes in a language.
D. The environment in which allophones occur in a language.
8.In determining whether two sounds are separate phonemes or allophones of the same phoneme, look for a minimal pair containing those two sounds. If you don't find a minimal pair, the two sounds represent two separate phonemes.
A. True
B. False
9.In determining whether two sounds are separate phonemes or allophones of the same phoneme, if you don't find a minimal pair, the two sounds are in complementary distribution, which means they are allophones of the same phoneme.
A. True
B. False
10.Sindi- (India/Pakistan) unaspirated[p] and the aspirated [p]
unaspirated [pcnu] 'leaf'
aspirated [p cnu] 'snakehood'
Are the unaspirated [p] and the aspirated [p ] separate phonemes?
A. Yes
B. No
11.[s], [z] and are allormorphs of the English plural s morpheme. State in general terms the environment of each.
boys [boyz]
cars [karz]
phones [fonz]
A. plural s =[z] after voiceless consonants
B. plural s =[z] after consonant glides
C. plural s =[z] after voiced consonants
D. plural s =[z] after alveolar and fricative stop consonants
12.books [bUks]
feets [fits]
breaks [breks]
A. plural s =[s] after voiced consonants
B. plural s =[s] after velar consonants
C. plural s =[s] after voiceless consonants
D.plural s =[s] after voiced consonants
13. The letter "X" in the word "box" is represented phonetically as
A. [s]
B. [ks]
C. [x]
D. [k]
14. The letter "q" in the word "quiet" is represented phonetically as
A. [q]
B. [kay]
C. [kw]
D. [ke]
15. The letter "c" in the word "cinema" is represented phonetically as
A. [s]
B. [k]
C. "c" hacek
D. [z]
ANSWERS
1-A
2-D
3-B
4-C
5-E
6-F
7-B
8-B
9-A
10-A
11-C
12-C
13-B
14-C
15-A
************************
1. [baksi†]
A. boxing
B. boxed in
C. back sign
D. vaccine
2. gate
A. [gat]
B. [get]
C. [gete]
D. [geat]
3. car
A. [ca]
B. [kare]
C. [car]
D. [kar]
4. bright ice
A. [brit ic]
B. [brayt ayz]
C [brayt ays]
D. [bret ice]
5. thin
A. [›In]
B. [thin]
C. [thIn]
D. [›ayn]
6. [toy]
A. tie
B. tolley
C. toe
D. toy
7. crumbs
A. [kržmz] "wedge"
B. [krumz]
C. [crumz]
D. [krcmbs] "schwa"
8. resign
A. [resin]
B. [rizayn]
C. [risayn]
D. [rezan]
9. [dawt]
A. doubt
B. dot
C. dos
D. dripped
10. Foundation
A. [ i ] little "i"
B. [ I ] capital "i"
C. [ e ] little "e"
D. [ Є ] epsilon "e"
E. [ u ] little "u"
F. [ U ] capital "u"
G. [ o ] "o"
H. [Œ] ash
I. [ a ] typewriter "a"
J. [ Λ ] wedge or stressed schwa
k. [ ∂ ] schwa
L. [ ay ] diphthong
M. [ oy ] diphthong
N. [ aw ] diphthong
11. asked
A. [ i ] little "i"
B. [ I ] capital "i"
C. [ e ] little "e"
D. [ Є ] epsilon "e"
E. [ u ] little "u"
F. [ U ] capital "u"
G. [ o ] "o"
H. [Œ] ash
I. [ a ] typewriter "a"
J. [ Λ ] wedge or stressed schwa
k. [ ∂ ] schwa
L. [ ay ] diphthong
M. [ oy ] diphthong
N. [ aw ] diphthong
12. mirage
A. [ i ] little "i"
B. [ I ] capital "i"
C. [ e ] little "e"
D. [ Є ] epsilon "e"
E. [ u ] little "u"
F. [ U ] capital "u"
G. [ o ] "o"
H. [Œ] ash
I. [ a ] typewriter "a"
J. [ Λ ] wedge or stressed schwa
k. [ ∂ ] schwa
L. [ ay ] diphthong
M. [ oy ] diphthong
N. [ aw ] diphthong
13. lesson
A. [ i ] little "i"
B. [ I ] capital "i"
C. [ e ] little "e"
D. [ Є ] epsilon "e"
E. [ u ] little "u"
F. [ U ] capital "u"
G. [ o ] "o"
H. [Œ] ash
I. [ a ] typewriter "a"
J. [ Λ ] wedge or stressed schwa
k. [ ∂ ] schwa
L. [ ay ] diphthong
M. [ oy ] diphthong
N. [ aw ] diphthong
14. scoundrel
A. [ i ] little "i"
B. [ I ] capital "i"
C. [ e ] little "e"
D. [ Є ] epsilon "e"
E. [ u ] little "u"
F. [ U ] capital "u"
G. [ o ] "o"
H. [Œ] ash
I. [ a ] typewriter "a"
J. [ Λ ] wedge or stressed schwa
k. [ ∂ ] schwa
L. [ ay ] diphthong
M. [ oy ] diphthong
N. [ aw ] diphthong
15. ability
A. [ i ] little "i"
B. [ I ] capital "i"
C. [ e ] little "e"
D. [ Є ] epsilon "e"
E. [ u ] little "u"
F. [ U ] capital "u"
G. [ o ] "o"
H. [Œ] ash
I. [ a ] typewriter "a"
J. [ Λ ] wedge or stressed schwa
k. [ ∂ ] schwa
L. [ ay ] diphthong
M. [ oy ] diphthong
N. [ aw ] diphthong
16. house
A. [ i ] little "i"
B. [ I ] capital "i"
C. [ e ] little "e"
D. [ Є ] epsilon "e"
E. [ u ] little "u"
F. [ U ] capital "u"
G. [ o ] "o"
H. [Œ] ash
I. [ a ] typewriter "a"
J. [ Λ ] wedge or stressed schwa
k. [ ∂ ] schwa
L. [ ay ] diphthong
M. [ oy ] diphthong
N. [ aw ] diphthong
17. finish
A. [ i ] little "i"
B. [ I ] capital "i"
C. [ e ] little "e"
D. [ Є ] epsilon "e"
E. [ u ] little "u"
F. [ U ] capital "u"
G. [ o ] "o"
H. [Œ] ash
I. [ a ] typewriter "a"
J. [ Λ ] wedge or stressed schwa
k. [ ∂ ] schwa
L. [ ay ] diphthong
M. [ oy ] diphthong
N. [ aw ] diphthong
18. street
A. [ i ] little "i"
B. [ I ] capital "i"
C. [ e ] little "e"
D. [ Є ] epsilon "e"
E. [ u ] little "u"
F. [ U ] capital "u"
G. [ o ] "o"
H. [Œ] ash
I. [ a ] typewriter "a"
J. [ Λ ] wedge or stressed schwa
k. [ ∂ ] schwa
L. [ ay ] diphthong
M. [ oy ] diphthong
N. [ aw ] diphthong
19. calendar
A. [ i ] little "i"
B. [ I ] capital "i"
C. [ e ] little "e"
D. [ Є ] epsilon "e"
E. [ u ] little "u"
F. [ U ] capital "u"
G. [ o ] "o"
H. [Œ] ash
I. [ a ] typewriter "a"
J. [ Λ ] wedge or stressed schwa
k. [ ∂ ] schwa
L. [ ay ] diphthong
M. [ oy ] diphthong
N. [ aw ] diphthong
20. fighter
A. [ i ] little "i"
B. [ I ] capital "i"
C. [ e ] little "e"
D. [ Є ] epsilon "e"
E. [ u ] little "u"
F. [ U ] capital "u"
G. [ o ] "o"
H. [Œ] ash
I. [ a ] typewriter "a"
J. [ Λ ] wedge or stressed schwa
k. [ ∂ ] schwa
L. [ ay ] diphthong
M. [ oy ] diphthong
N. [ aw ] diphthong
21. superman
A. [ i ] little "i"
B. [ I ] capital "i"
C. [ e ] little "e"
D. [ Є ] epsilon "e"
E. [ u ] little "u"
F. [ U ] capital "u"
G. [ o ] "o"
H. [Œ] ash
I. [ a ] typewriter "a"
J. [ Λ ] wedge or stressed schwa
k. [ ∂ ] schwa
L. [ ay ] diphthong
M. [ oy ] diphthong
N. [ aw ] diphthong
22. answers
A. [ i ] little "i"
B. [ I ] capital "i"
C. [ e ] little "e"
D. [ Є ] epsilon "e"
E. [ u ] little "u"
F. [ U ] capital "u"
G. [ o ] "o"
H. [Œ] ash
I. [ a ] typewriter "a"
J. [ Λ ] wedge or stressed schwa
k. [ ∂ ] schwa
L. [ ay ] diphthong
M. [ oy ] diphthong
N. [ aw ] diphthong
23. belong
A. [ i ] little "i"
B. [ I ] capital "i"
C. [ e ] little "e"
D. [ Є ] epsilon "e"
E. [ u ] little "u"
F. [ U ] capital "u"
G. [ o ] "o"
H. [Œ] ash
I. [ a ] typewriter "a"
J. [ Λ ] wedge or stressed schwa
k. [ ∂ ] schwa
L. [ ay ] diphthong
M. [ oy ] diphthong
N. [ aw ] diphthong
24. marathon
A. [ i ] little "i"
B. [ I ] capital "i"
C. [ e ] little "e"
D. [ Є ] epsilon "e"
E. [ u ] little "u"
F. [ U ] capital "u"
G. [ o ] "o"
H. [Œ] ash
I. [ a ] typewriter "a"
J. [ Λ ] wedge or stressed schwa
k. [ ∂ ] schwa
L. [ ay ] diphthong
M. [ oy ] diphthong
N. [ aw ] diphthong
25. analyze
A. [ i ] little "i"
B. [ I ] capital "i"
C. [ e ] little "e"
D. [ Є ] epsilon "e"
E. [ u ] little "u"
F. [ U ] capital "u"
G. [ o ] "o"
H. [Œ] ash
I. [ a ] typewriter "a"
J. [ Λ ] wedge or stressed schwa
k. [ ∂ ] schwa
L. [ ay ] diphthong
M. [ oy ] diphthong
N. [ aw ] diphthong
26. going
A. [ i ] little "i"
B. [ I ] capital "i"
C. [ e ] little "e"
D. [ Є ] epsilon "e"
E. [ u ] little "u"
F. [ U ] capital "u"
G. [ o ] "o"
H. [Œ] ash
I. [ a ] typewriter "a"
J. [ Λ ] wedge or stressed schwa
k. [ ∂ ] schwa
L. [ ay ] diphthong
M. [ oy ] diphthong
N. [ aw ] diphthong
27. studying
A. [ i ] little "i"
B. [ I ] capital "i"
C. [ e ] little "e"
D. [ Є ] epsilon "e"
E. [ u ] little "u"
F. [ U ] capital "u"
G. [ o ] "o"
H. [Œ] ash
I. [ a ] typewriter "a"
J. [ Λ ] wedge or stressed schwa
k. [ ∂ ] schwa
L. [ ay ] diphthong
M. [ oy ] diphthong
N. [ aw ] diphthong
28. angel
A. [ i ] little "i"
B. [ I ] capital "i"
C. [ e ] little "e"
D. [ Є ] epsilon "e"
E. [ u ] little "u"
F. [ U ] capital "u"
G. [ o ] "o"
H. [Œ] ash
I. [ a ] typewriter "a"
J. [ Λ ] wedge or stressed schwa
k. [ ∂ ] schwa
L. [ ay ] diphthong
M. [ oy ] diphthong
N. [ aw ] diphthong
29. took
A. [ i ] little "i"
B. [ I ] capital "i"
C. [ e ] little "e"
D. [ Є ] epsilon "e"
E. [ u ] little "u"
F. [ U ] capital "u"
G. [ o ] "o"
H. [Œ] ash
I. [ a ] typewriter "a"
J. [ Λ ] wedge or stressed schwa
k. [ ∂ ] schwa
L. [ ay ] diphthong
M. [ oy ] diphthong
N. [ aw ] diphthong
30. mighty
A. [ i ] little "i"
B. [ I ] capital "i"
C. [ e ] little "e"
D. [ Є ] epsilon "e"
E. [ u ] little "u"
F. [ U ] capital "u"
G. [ o ] "o"
H. [Œ] ash
I. [ a ] typewriter "a"
J. [ Λ ] wedge or stressed schwa
k. [ ∂ ] schwa
L. [ ay ] diphthong
M. [ oy ] diphthong
N. [ aw ] diphthong
ANSWERS
1-A
2-B
3-D
4-C
5-A
6-D
7-A
8-B
9-A
10-C
11-H
12-B
13-D
14-N
15-K
16-N
17-B
18-A
19-D
20L
21-E
22-H
23-G-L
24-I
25-L
26-G
27-J
28-D
29-F
30-L
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